'What Is Soul' by Ben E. King was released in 1963, during a vibrant period in the evolution of soul music. This era was marked by the fusion of rhythm and blues with gospel influences, and King's rich, emotive voice positioned him as one of the genre's leading figures. The song was part of the burgeoning soul movement that sought to express deep emotional experiences and complex themes through music. Alongside other hits such as "Stand by Me," 'What Is Soul' stands as a testament to King's artistry and the broader sonic landscape of the early '60s, characterized by lush instrumentation, tight arrangements, and the heartfelt delivery that would define the genre. The track has been recognized for its harmonious blend of orchestral elements with a rhythmic soul backbone, showcasing King's ability to navigate both pop sensibilities and deeper musical explorations.
Lyrically, 'What Is Soul' delves into the essence of soul music itself, exploring themes of identity and emotional expression. The song poses the question, “What is soul?” as a rhetorical device that invites listeners to reflect on the personal and cultural significance of the genre. Through lines like “Is it just a feeling? Or is it something more?” King articulates the complexities of soul music, suggesting that it transcends mere sound; it embodies a profound connection to one’s emotions and experiences. The song serves not only as a celebration of the genre but also as a philosophical inquiry into what it means to truly feel and express oneself through music. This introspective examination resonates with listeners, making it a poignant exploration of the soul's essence.
Upon its release, 'What Is Soul' received positive critical reception, with many praising King's vocal performance and the song's sophisticated arrangements. Over the years, it has been recognized as an important piece of the soul music canon, influencing countless artists and contributing to the genre’s legacy. The song's inquiry into the nature of soul has led to its inclusion in various compilations and retrospectives that celebrate the rich history of soul music. Additionally, it has been covered and sampled by numerous artists, further cementing its status within the cultural landscape. Ben E. King's work, particularly this track, has not only shaped the sound of soul but has also invited ongoing dialogue about the emotional power of music, ensuring its relevance across generations.